Fibroids during menopause

• A fibroid is a benign tumour in the muscle layer of the uterus.
• Hormonal fluctuations during menopause can influence the growth of fibroids.
• Many women are unaware they have a fibroid; it is often discovered incidentally.
• Larger fibroids can cause symptoms such as heavy bleeding, abdominal pain, pelvic discomfort, or frequent urination.
• A balanced diet, regular exercise, adequate rest, and supplements can support your body during menopause.

Fibroids are most commonly found in women during their reproductive years, often beginning in their 30s. It is estimated that 70 to 80 per cent of women develop one or more fibroids at some stage during their reproductive life.

The exact reasons and mechanisms behind the development of fibroids in the uterus remain unclear. However, it is known that fibroids grow under the influence of oestrogen and progesterone. Scientific studies confirm that elevated oestrogen levels, in particular, contribute to the growth of a myoma.

During menopause, hormonal balance fluctuates, which can affect the growth of fibroids. This is especially evident during perimenopause, when progesterone levels decline more rapidly than oestrogen levels, resulting in oestrogen dominance: an excess of oestrogen relative to progesterone.

In most cases, fibroids do not cause symptoms and are often discovered "by chance" during a routine medical examination.

If the fibroid is larger, it is more likely to cause symptoms. Possible symptoms include:

• Heavy bleeding or pain during menstruation
• Intermenstrual bleeding
• Pain during intercourse
• Frequent urination (due to pressure on the bladder)
• Pelvic pain or lower back pain
• Digestive issues and sharp abdominal pain
• Reduced fertility

In addition to hormonal factors, other elements can contribute to the development of fibroids. These include:

• Genetics: A family history of fibroids increases your risk.
• Diet and lifestyle: Nutrition and stress levels can influence hormone levels, which may affect fibroid growth.
• High blood pressure and obesity: Both conditions are associated with an increased risk of fibroids.

There are various ways to reduce the likelihood of fibroids. Supporting your body with a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and sufficient rest can be beneficial. Supplements, medications, or hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may also provide relief during menopause.

You can lower the chances of fibroids growing or causing complications by taking care of yourself and maintaining hormonal balance. A nutritious diet, consistent exercise, and adequate rest are crucial during this stage of life.

Some tips include:

• Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables (at least 500 grams per day): These are rich in fibre, vitamins, and minerals that help maintain a healthy oestrogen balance.
• Reduce or avoid sugars and refined carbohydrates: Stable blood sugar levels support hormonal balance, while sugars and refined carbs can cause spikes.
• Exercise for at least 30 minutes daily: Activities like walking, cycling, or swimming can boost your metabolism and support energy levels. Regular exercise also helps maintain a healthy weight.
• Schedule rest periods during your day: Stress can worsen menopausal symptoms. Short breaks, deep breathing exercises, or spending time outdoors can help reduce tension.

During menopause, your body undergoes changes in energy production, muscle maintenance, and skin repair. High-quality supplements can naturally support these processes. Magnesium, vitamin D, and omega-3 are recommended for all women during menopause. Supplements can also address specific symptoms such as hot flushes, poor sleep, and urinary tract infections.

The effectiveness of supplements depends on factors such as your lifestyle and overall health, and results may vary from person to person. The quality of the product also plays a significant role in its efficacy. Therefore, it is important to choose high-quality supplements without unnecessary additives.